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Grading the land means to shape its contours into functional and aesthetically pleasing
forms which relate to other design considerations such as circulation, drainage, plant growth, view and micro-climate. The landscape architect prepares three-dimensional designs for cutting and filling
the land in order to meet the design objectives of the project. Mounds, hills, slopes, and banks, can be carved from or built up on the site. Views can be improved or hidden. This ensures maximal land use
that will meet the needs of the home or business owner while providing all the desired elements such as parking, walkways, planting areas and placement of structures such as pools, and gazebos.
Grading plays an important role in providing adequate drainage of the land.
Proper sloping of the land facilitates natural drainage of rainwater runoff away from buildings and structures. If surface drainage is not possible, subsurface drainage, which is the collection and removal of excess
water below the soil surface, may be needed. This consists of a series of buried perforated pipes called sub-drains that are used to collect the water in the soil and carry it off.
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